Under the Ritsuryo system, it is a part of the Buzen Kokugun Rescue County. Tadaoki Hosokawa, who began to rule Buzen Province with the Battle of Sekigahara Award for Distinguished Service, built Kokura Castle here in 1602 (Keicho 7). After that, it became a castle town of the Kokura Domain. In 1632 (Kanei 9), Tadamasa Ogasawara was transferred in place of Mr. Hosokawa, and the rule by Mr. Ogasawara continued thereafter. In response to the counterattack of the Choshu clan during the 1866 (Keio 2) conquest of Choshu, the Kokura clan itself lit the fire and burned it down (the current Kokura castle was restored in 1959). What was done).
In the Meiji era, Kokura Prefecture was established by the abolition of the feudal clan, and Kokura became the prefectural capital, but since Kokura Prefecture was merged with Fukuoka Prefecture in 1876 (Meiji 9), it was no longer the prefectural capital. After that, in addition to commerce, the munitions industry developed as the center of the Kitakyushu industrial area. In particular, the Ogura arsenal, which was built in 1933 (Showa 8), also became a production base for balloon bombs. In addition, Ogai Mori was assigned to Kokura for a while when he was a military doctor.
Immediately before the end of World War II, the US military dropped an atomic bomb on Nagasaki City on August 9, 1945, and the initial target was Ogura. It is said that the reason for the change to Nagasaki was due to bad weather and the aftermath of the Yawata air raid the day before (there is a theory that workers at the Yawata Works burned coal tar and put up a smoke screen). The planned site for the atomic bombing in Kokura was the Kokura Arsenal, which was a candidate site for the atomic bombing along with Hiroshima City because it is a military base in Japan. On October 17, the US military was stationed.
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