Sun Rise in Pacific Ocean 🌊 || Hokkaido trip || Japan 🇯🇵 vlog|| Afnans Brother

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Hokkaido (Japanese: 北海道, Hokkaidō [hokːaꜜidoː] (About this soundlisten), “Northern Sea Circuit”, Ainu: アイヌ・モシル, Aynu=mosir, “Land of Ainu”) is the second largest island of Japan and comprises the largest and northernmost prefecture.The Tsugaru Strait separates Hokkaido from Honshu; the two islands are connected by the undersea railway Seikan Tunnel.

The largest city on Hokkaido is its capital, Sapporo, which is also its only ordinance-designated city. Sakhalin lies about 43 kilometers (26 mi) to the north of Hokkaido, and to the east and northeast are the Kuril Islands, which are administered by Russia, though the four most southerly are claimed by Japan. Hokkaido was formerly known as Ezo, Yezo, Yeso, or Yesso.

During the Jomon period the local culture and the associated hunter-gatherer lifestyle flourished in Hokkaido, beginning over 15,000 years ago. In contrast to the island of Honshu, Hokkaido saw an absence of conflict during this time period. The indigenous Hokkaido population (the Okhotsk) believed in natural spirits and are theorized to be the origins of Ainu spirituality. About 2,000 years ago, the island was colonized by Yayoi people, and much of the island’s population shifted away from hunting and gathering towards agriculture.[12] The Okhotsk culture appears directly ancestral to the Ainu culture.
The Okhotsk people, an ancient people of the North, formed the Okhotsk culture unique to Hokkaido from the 5th to 9th centuries. They lived as hunters who caught and ate fish from the sea, and at times caught sea creatures that drifted here along with the sea ice, as the natural bounty found in the Okhotsk Sea was indeed a heavenly blessing. Their expansive living and cultural territory is evidenced by the pit dwelling ruins excavated along the coast of the Okhotsk Sea. They left behind fascinating carvings and earthenware, while evidence suggests that they shared a common belief system with the Ainu culture such as the spiritual worship of the natural world and respect for bears as a sacred animal.

— Hokkaido Museum Abashiri
The Nihon Shoki, finished in 720 AD, is often said to be the first mention of Hokkaido in recorded history. According to the text, Abe no Hirafu[15] led a large navy and army to northern areas from 658 to 660 and came into contact with the various “Ezo tribes”. One of the places Hirafu went to was called Watarishima (渡島), which is often believed to be present-day Hokkaido. However, many theories exist concerning the details of this event, including the location of Watarishima.

During the Nara and Heian periods (710–1185), people in Hokkaido conducted trade with Dewa Province, an outpost of the Japanese central government. From the Middle Ages, the people in Hokkaido began to be called Ezo. Hokkaido subsequently became known as Ezochi (蝦夷地, lit. “Ezo-land”)[16] or Ezogashima (蝦夷ヶ島, lit. “Island of the Ezo”). The Ezo mainly relied upon hunting and fishing and obtained rice and iron through trade with the Japanese.

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